Disaccharides are made of two monosaccharide molecules. The 3 most common disaccharides in food are sucrose, lactose and maltose.
Sucrose
- sucrose consists of fructose + glucose..
- is made from refined sugar cane or sugar beet
- is also known as table sugar
Lactose
- is in human milk, cow and goats milk
- the concentration of lactose is higher in human milk which makes it sweeter than cow’s milk
- lactose is broken down into glucose and galactose by an enzyme called lactase.
- Some people have lower levels of lactase which can make this process more challenging leading to what is known
Maltose
- Is also known as malt sugar
- Consists of 2 molecules of sucrose
- is a result of the breakdown of larger carbohydrate molecules called polysaccharides (starch)
- arises during frementation of alcohol